Cercidiphyllum japonicum

Common Name

Cercidiphyllum japonicum is commonly known as the katsura tree.

Description

Cercidiphyllum japonicum is a deciduous tree known for its elegant form, heart-shaped leaves, and pleasant fragrance. Key characteristics include:

• Height: Typically grows between 12-18 meters (40-60 feet), but can reach up to 27 meters (90 feet) in optimal conditions.
• Leaves: The leaves are heart-shaped, 5-10 cm long, initially reddish-purple when young, turning blue-green in summer, and yellow, orange, or pink in autumn. They emit a sweet scent reminiscent of cotton candy or caramel as they change color.
• Flowers: Insignificant flowers bloom in early spring before the leaves emerge. They are small and reddish, growing in clusters.
• Fruit: The fruit is a small, round, dry capsule that splits open to release winged seeds.

Location/Distribution

Cercidiphyllum japonicum is native to East Asia. Its distribution includes:

• Japan: Found throughout the country, especially in mountainous regions.
• China: Occurs in several provinces, including central and southern regions.
• Korea: Common in various regions.
• Introduced Areas: It has been introduced as an ornamental tree in parts of North America and Europe.

Environmental Concerns

Cercidiphyllum japonicum is generally considered beneficial, but there are a few environmental considerations:

• Invasive Potential: While not typically invasive, it can spread into natural habitats in regions where it has been introduced, potentially displacing native species.
• Urban Use: In urban areas, where it is planted as an ornamental tree, it may escape cultivation and become naturalized, affecting local ecosystems.
• Disease Susceptibility: The tree can be susceptible to fungal diseases and pests, which may require management in cultivation settings.

Other Information

• Ornamental Use: Cercidiphyllum japonicum is highly prized as an ornamental tree for its attractive foliage and autumn color display. It is used in parks, gardens, and landscapes as a specimen tree or shade tree.
• Wood Uses: The wood is light and not commercially valuable. It is occasionally used for small woodworking projects.
• Cultural Significance: In its native range, the katsura tree holds cultural significance in Japan, where it is admired for its beauty and seasonal fragrance.
• Growth Conditions: Prefers well-drained, moist soils and partial shade to full sun. It is tolerant of a range of soil types but thrives in fertile, loamy soils. Once established, it is relatively low-maintenance.
• Conservation Status: Not currently listed as endangered. In its native range, it is a common species with stable populations.

Cercidiphyllum japonicum is a graceful and versatile tree with significant ornamental value. Its unique fragrance and vibrant autumn colors make it a popular choice for gardens and landscapes, though careful management is important to prevent potential ecological impacts in non-native environments.